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1. Q: When did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre occur?
A: The Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place on April 13, 1919.
2. Q: Where did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre happen?
A: The massacre occurred in Jallianwala Bagh, a public garden in Amritsar, Punjab, India.
3. Q: Who was the British officer responsible for the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
A: Colonel Reginald Dyer was the British officer in charge.
4. Q: What was the main reason for the gathering of people at Jallianwala Bagh that day?
A: The gathering was a peaceful protest against the repressive Rowlatt Act and the arrest of Indian leaders.
5. Q: How many people were estimated to be present in Jallianwala Bagh on that day?
A: It is estimated that around 10,000 to 20,000 people had gathered in the garden.
6. Q: What did Colonel Dyer order his troops to do at Jallianwala Bagh?
A: He ordered his troops to open fire on the unarmed crowd without warning.
7. Q: How long did the firing by British troops continue at Jallianwala Bagh?
A: The firing continued for about ten minutes.
8. Q: What was the result of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in terms of casualties?
A: It is estimated that hundreds of people were killed, and over a thousand were wounded.
9. Q: How did the British government respond to Colonel Dyer's actions?
A: The British government, while condemning Dyer's actions, did not impose strong punitive measures.
10. Q: What was the reaction of the Indian public to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
A: The massacre led to widespread outrage and increased anti-British sentiment in India.
11. Q: What were the key recommendations of the Hunter Commission appointed to investigate the incident?
A: The commission recommended that Dyer be removed from duty and that he not be allowed to serve in India again.
12. Q: What consequences did Colonel Dyer face for his actions at Jallianwala Bagh?
A: Dyer was relieved of duty but faced no further legal consequences.
13. Q: Who famously returned his knighthood in protest of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
A: Rabindranath Tagore, the renowned poet and writer, returned his knighthood in protest.
14. Q: What event is observed annually in India to commemorate the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
A: April 13 is observed as "Jallianwala Bagh Massacre Day" in remembrance of the tragedy.
15. Q: How did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre impact the Indian freedom movement?
A: The massacre fueled the Indian independence movement and galvanized public support for self-rule.
16. Q: What was the significance of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in terms of the Amritsar Massacre?
A: The massacre is often referred to as the "Amritsar Massacre" because of its occurrence in Amritsar.
17. Q: What was the international reaction to the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre?
A: The massacre was widely condemned internationally, and it damaged the reputation of the British government.
18. Q: What impact did the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre have on British rule in India?
A: The massacre marked a turning point, weakening British authority and increasing Indian resistance to colonial rule.
19. Q: Who wrote a famous account of the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in his book "The Story of My Experiments with Truth"?
A: Mahatma Gandhi wrote about the massacre in his autobiography, "The Story of My Experiments with Truth."
20. Q: When was the Jallianwala Bagh National Memorial Act passed to establish a memorial at the site?
A: The act was passed in 1951 to establish a national memorial at Jallianwala Bagh.
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